Factors affecting ionisation enthalpy ?
9 Apr 2018
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Factors affecting ionisation enthalpy
(1) size of the atom: the larger the atomic size smaller is the value of ionization enthalpy in a large it on the outer electrons are far away from the necklace and the force of attraction with which they are attracted by the nucleus is less and hence can be easily removed .
(2) screening effect : as the nuclear charge increases among the atoms having same number of energy shells the ionization enthalpy increases because the force of attraction toward the nucleus increases.
(3) nuclear charge : As nuclear charge increases among atoms having same number of energy shells the enthalpy increases because the force of attraction towards nucleus increases.
(4) half filled and fully filled orbitals : the atoms having half filled and fully filled orbitals are comparatively more stables, hence more energy is required to remove the electron from such atoms, the ionization enthalpy is rather higher than the expected value in the case of such an atom
(5) shape of orbitals : the S orbital is more close to the nucleus than the P-ORBITAL of the same Orbit, Thus it is easier to remove electron from a p orbital in comparison to S-orbital in general the enthalpy follows the following order :
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